The role of victims in the criminal justice system a
nd whether they can participate actively in criminal proceedings vary across Member States, depending on the national system, and is determined by one or more of the following criteria: whether the national system provides for a legal status as a party to criminal proceedings; whether the victim is under a legal requirement or is requested to participate
actively in criminal proceedings, for example as a witness; and/or whether the victim has a legal entitlement under national law to participate
actively in criminal procee
...[+++]dings and is seeking to do so, where the national system does not provide that victims have the legal status of a party to the criminal proceedings.