En vertu de l'accord d'Osimo, la Yougoslavie n'était pas tenue de dédommager directement les citoyens italiens mais l'État italien, qui devait ensuite indemniser ses citoyens, les Esuli en l'occurrence.
Under the Osimo agreement Yugoslavia was not directly obliged to pay compensation to Italian citizens but to the Italian State, which, in turn, would compensate its citizens, i.e. the Esuli.